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Voiced and voiceless sounds

Voiced sounds use your vocal cords, so your throat vibrates, as in /b/, /d/, /z/ and /v/. Voiceless sounds use only air, as in /p/, /t/, /s/ and /f/. Many English consonants come in pairs that differ only in voice, so the difference changes words such as bag and back.

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1 · Pronunciation

Hear it, see it, say it

IELTS tip. In the Speaking test, wrong voicing can turn a word into another, such as bag into back or leave into leaf. The -s and -ed endings also show voice. Choose five verbs in the past tense from your own topics, such as worked, played, wanted, helped and lived, and read them aloud to check the ending each time.

How to make it

  1. Put two fingers on your throat. Say 'sss': no buzz. Say 'zzz': buzz.
  2. For /p/ and /b/, close your lips. For /p/ release a puff of air; for /b/ keep your voice on and open the lips softly.
  3. Say the pairs in a row: p-b, t-d, k-g, f-v, s-z. Feel the buzz come and go.
  4. Check the vowel before a final consonant: make it longer before the voiced one.

pan, ban, tie, die, cap, gap, fan, van, sip, zip, back, bag

Quick answers

What are voiced and voiceless sounds?

Voiced sounds use the vocal cords, so the throat vibrates, as in /b/ and /z/. Voiceless sounds use only air, as in /p/ and /s/.

How can I tell if a sound is voiced?

Put your fingers on your throat. If you feel a buzz, the sound is voiced. You can also cover your ears and listen for the buzz in your head.

Are all vowels voiced?

Yes. All English vowels are voiced. Some consonants are voiced and some are voiceless, and many come in pairs.

Why does the -ed ending sound different in different verbs?

It follows the voice of the sound before it. After a voiceless sound it is /t/, after a voiced sound it is /d/, and after /t/ or /d/ it is /ɪd/.

Read the full lesson: Voiced and voiceless sounds