These are words 26 to 50 of the top 400 words of the New Academic Word List: words that appear again and again in university texts and in the Academic IELTS Reading and Writing tasks. For each word, read the example, try to guess the meaning, then reveal it and mark honestly how you did. Then say the word aloud, record yourself and compare it with the model voice. When you have finished, try the gap quiz and save your results.
The New Academic Word List was compiled by Charles Browne, Brent Culligan and Joseph Phillips (2013) from academic texts, and its words are ranked by the authors. We teach the top 400 in rank order. How the list was made
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The words
26
finite
adjective
The planet has finite supplies of oil.
collocationsfinite resources · a finite number · finite time
having a limit or an end; not infinite
Watch out: The last syllable sounds like night: /ˈfaɪnaɪt/.
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27
stimulus
noun
A loud noise is a strong stimulus for a baby.
collocationsa stimulus to · respond to a stimulus · economic stimulus
something that causes a reaction or encourages activity
Watch out: The plural is stimuli, not stimuluses.
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28
vector
noun
Mosquitoes are a vector for malaria.
collocationsdisease vector · a vector of · force vector
a quantity with both size and direction; also an animal that carries a disease
Watch out: In biology a vector carries disease. In maths it has size and direction.
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29
electron
noun
An electron carries a negative charge.
collocationsfree electron · electron flow · electron microscope
a tiny particle with a negative charge that moves around the nucleus of an atom
Watch out: Stress the second syllable: /ɪˈlektrɒn/.
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30
receptor
noun
Taste receptors on the tongue detect sweetness.
collocationspain receptor · a receptor for · receptor cells
a nerve ending or cell that senses a change and sends a signal
Watch out: A receptor receives a signal. A sensor is the machine word.
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31
theorem
noun
The theorem was proved in the nineteenth century.
collocationsprove a theorem · a mathematical theorem · Pythagoras' theorem
a statement in mathematics that has been proved
Watch out: A theorem is proved. A theory is an idea that explains facts.
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32
algorithm
noun
The app uses an algorithm to suggest songs.
collocationsa search algorithm · run an algorithm · an efficient algorithm
a set of clear steps for solving a problem, especially by a computer
Watch out: The th sounds like the in this: /ˈælɡərɪðm/.
connected with molecules, the smallest units of a substance
Watch out: Stress the second syllable: /məˈlekjʊlə/.
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37
transformation
noun
The city has undergone a total transformation.
collocationsundergo a transformation · digital transformation · a dramatic transformation
a complete change in form or appearance
Watch out: The verb is transform: the city was transformed.
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38
spatial
adjective
Architects need good spatial awareness.
collocationsspatial awareness · spatial ability · spatial distribution
connected with space, position and area
Watch out: It is spelled spatial, but it sounds like spay-shul.
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39
coefficient
noun
The correlation coefficient was very high.
collocationsa correlation coefficient · a coefficient of
a number placed before a letter in maths, or a measure of a property
Watch out: Say it in four syllables: co-ef-fi-cient.
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40
translation
noun
I read the novel in translation.
collocationsa translation of · in translation · machine translation
a version of a text or speech in a different language
Watch out: You translate from one language into another.
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41
membrane
noun
A cell is surrounded by a thin membrane.
collocationscell membrane · a thin membrane · a membrane around
a thin layer that covers or separates parts of a cell or body
Watch out: The last syllable sounds like rain: /ˈmembreɪn/.
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42
neuron
noun
The brain contains billions of neurons.
collocationsmotor neuron · neuron activity · a network of neurons
a nerve cell that carries signals in the brain and body
Watch out: A neuron is a nerve cell.
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43
simulation
noun
Pilots practise in a flight simulation.
collocationsa computer simulation · run a simulation · flight simulation
a model or computer program that copies a real situation for study or training
Watch out: A simulation copies reality. It is not the real event.
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44
lexical
adjective
Lexical resource is one IELTS marking area.
collocationslexical item · lexical resource · lexical range
connected with the words of a language
Watch out: Lexical resource means your range of vocabulary.
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45
regime
noun
The old regime fell after a long protest.
collocationsa military regime · a fitness regime · regime change
a system of government, or a fixed plan for diet or exercise
Watch out: Say ray-ZHEEM, with a soft zh sound.
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46
variance
noun
The variance in test scores was small.
collocationshigh variance · in variance with · the variance between
the amount by which things differ from each other or from an average
Watch out: At variance with means in disagreement with.
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47
molecule
noun
A water molecule has three atoms.
collocationsa water molecule · a single molecule · molecule of
the smallest unit of a chemical substance, made of atoms
Watch out: Stress the first syllable: /ˈmɒlɪkjuːl/.
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48
marker
noun
A high temperature is a marker of infection.
collocationsa marker of · a biological marker · an economic marker
a sign or feature that shows that something is present or true
Watch out: Marker also means a pen. The academic sense is a signal.
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49
empirical
adjective
The claim needs empirical evidence.
collocationsempirical evidence · empirical research · an empirical study
based on observation and experiment, not only on theory
Watch out: Empirical evidence comes from real data.
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50
robot
noun
Robots now build most cars in the factory.
collocationsan industrial robot · a robot arm · build a robot
a machine that can do a job by itself
Watch out: The stress is on the first syllable: /ˈrəʊbɒt/.
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Gap quiz
Each sentence has one gap. Drag a word into the gap, or tap a word and then tap the gap. The words are the ones you have just practised, and some of them have changed shape (for example, is or made).
Oil is a resource, so one day it will run out.
The sudden light was a that made the animal turn its head at once.
The mosquito is the that carries the disease from one person to the next.
The tiny negative particle that moves around the centre of an atom is called an .
Taste on the tongue detect sweet, sour and bitter flavours.
Pythagoras' says that the square on the longest side of a right triangle equals the sum of the squares on the other two.
The app follows a fixed set of steps, an , to suggest songs you may like.
Doctors advise patients with a fever to drink plenty of such as water.
A baby's first steps are an important stage that parents love to see.
Two rivers the region, one on its eastern edge and one on its western edge.
Water has a structure of two hydrogen atoms joined to one oxygen atom.
The old port has undergone a total and is now a busy business district.
Architects need good awareness to imagine how rooms fit together in space.
In the expression 4x, the number 4 is the of x.
I read the Russian novel in because I cannot speak the original language.
Each cell is surrounded by a thin that controls what can go in and out.
A nerve cell that carries signals to the brain is called a .
Pilots practise emergencies in a flight before they fly a real aircraft.
A wide range of vocabulary words in an essay shows good resource.
The old military fell after months of protest, and a new government took over.
The in the test scores was small, because nearly everyone scored close to the average.
A single water is made of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.
A high temperature is a of infection, because it signals that the body is fighting a germ.
The claim is only a theory until we have evidence from observation and experiment.
Machines called now weld most of the cars in the factory.
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Word list: New Academic Word List 1.2 by Charles Browne, Brent Culligan and Joseph Phillips (2013), licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. The list gives the words and their order; the meanings, examples and exercises on this page are our own.