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Homographs

Homographs are words that are spelled the same but have different meanings. For learners, the important ones also change their pronunciation, like the noun REcord and the verb reCORD, or live /lɪv/ and live /laɪv/. You choose the right sound from the grammar and the meaning of the sentence.

1 · Read the problems2 · One lesson a day3 · Review your mistakes4 · Go round again

1 · Pronunciation

Hear it, see it, say it

IELTS tip. In Speaking Part 3 you often talk about change, so you will say 'an increase' and 'to increase' many times, and the same stress pattern applies to many other words you use when you describe trends. Put the stress on the right syllable each time. Saying the sentence with natural stress is more important than saying one word perfectly.

How to make it

  1. Say the strong syllable longer, louder and a little higher.
  2. Say the weak syllable quickly with a relaxed tongue and mouth: /ə/ or /ɪ/.
  3. Move the strong syllable and keep the same speed: INcrease, then inCREASE.
  4. Say each pair in a short sentence so the rhythm helps you.

Say it after me

an INcrease /ˈɪŋkriːs/ (noun)
to inCREASE /ɪnˈkriːs/ (verb)
a REcord /ˈrekɔːd/ (noun)
to reCORD /rɪˈkɔːd/ (verb)
a PREsent /ˈpreznt/ (noun, a gift)
to preSENT /prɪˈzent/ (verb)
the PROduce /ˈprɒdjuːs/ (noun, fruit and vegetables)
to proDUCE /prəˈdjuːs/ (verb)

record, increase, present, live, lead, close, use, minute

Quick answers

What is the difference between homographs and homophones?

Homographs are spelled the same. Homophones sound the same but are spelled differently, like write and right.

Do all homographs sound different?

No. Bank (money) and bank (river) sound the same. The ones that sound different, like lead and live, are the pronunciation problem.

Is there a rule for noun and verb pairs?

In many two-syllable pairs the noun is stressed first and the verb second, but there are exceptions such as visit and promise. Check a dictionary when you are not sure.

What if I choose the wrong sound?

Listeners will usually work it out from the sentence, but wrong stress can slow them down. It is worth learning the common pairs.

Read the full lesson: Homographs